Biochemical and enzymatic properties of the M1 family of aminopeptidases involved in the regulation of blood pressure

It is becoming evident that several aminopeptidases belonging to the M1 family such as aminopeptidase A (APA), placental leucine aminopeptidase (P-LAP), and adipocyte-derived leucine aminopeptidase (A-LAP) play important roles in the regulation of blood pressure under both the physiological and pathological conditions. They share HEXXH(X)(18)E zinc-binding and GAMEN motifs essential for enzymatic activities. In this review, the current situation regarding the biochemical characteristics of these enzymes including enzymatic properties and modes of action is summarized.