Journal
CA-A CANCER JOURNAL FOR CLINICIANS
Volume 65, Issue 2, Pages 123-138Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.3322/caac.21258
Keywords
chemotherapy; psychological; behavioral oncology; breast neoplasms; complications and late effects of therapy
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Funding
- National Institute of Nursing Research of the National Institutes of Health [R01NR014195]
- National Cancer Institute [R01CA172145]
- Dutch Cancer Society [2009-4284, 2010-4829, 2012-5495]
- National Institutes of Health
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Over the past few decades, a body of research has emerged confirming what many adult patients with noncentral nervous system cancer have long reportedthat cancer and its treatment are frequently associated with cancer-related cognitive impairment (CRCI). The severity of CRCI varies, and symptoms can emerge early or late in the disease course. Nonetheless, CRCI is typically mild to moderate in nature and primarily involves the domains of memory, attention, executive functioning, and processing speed. Animal models and novel neuroimaging techniques have begun to unravel the pathophysiologic mechanisms underlying CRCI, including the role of inflammatory cascades, direct neurotoxic effects, damage to progenitor cells, white matter abnormalities, and reduced functional connectivity, among others. Given the paucity of research on CRCI with other cancer populations, this review synthesizes the current literature with a deliberate focus on CRCI within the context of breast cancer. A hypothetical case-study approach is used to illustrate how CRCI often presents clinically and how current science can inform practice. While the literature regarding intervention for CRCI is nascent, behavioral and pharmacologic approaches are discussed. CA Cancer J Clin 2015;65: 123-138. (c) 2014 American Cancer Society.
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