Journal
BURNS
Volume 39, Issue 2, Pages 200-211Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.burns.2012.10.013
Keywords
Acute lung injury (ALI); Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS); Ventilator-associated lung injury (VALI); Clinical risk prediction; Biological markers; Positive-pressure respiration; Prone position ventilation; Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO); High frequency oscillation/oscillatory ventilation (HFOV); Extracorporeal carbon dioxide removal (ECCO2R)
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Funding
- NIHR Respiratory Disease Biomedical Research Unit at the Royal Brompton
- Harefield NHS Foundation Trust
- Imperial College London
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Optimal management of the acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) requires prompt recognition, treatment of the underlying cause and the prevention of secondary injury. Ventilator-associated lung injury (VALI) is one of the several iatrogenic factors that can exacerbate lung injury and ARDS. Reduction of VALI by protective low tidal volume ventilation is one of the only interventions with a proven survival benefit in ARDS. There are, however, several factors inhibiting the widespread use of this technique in patients with established lung injury. Prevention of ARDS and VALI by detecting at-risk patients and implementing protective ventilation early is a feasible strategy. Detection of injurious ventilation itself is Possible, and potential biological markers of VALI have been investigated. Finally, facilitation of protective ventilation, including techniques such as extracorporeal support, can mitigate VALI. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd and ISBI. All rights reserved.
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