Journal
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF URBAN AND REGIONAL RESEARCH
Volume 33, Issue 4, Pages 936-956Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-2427.2009.00890.x
Keywords
housing; inequality; Chinese cities
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The market transition in China has resulted in significant social inequality, including housing inequality, in a formerly egalitarian society. This article provides both a conceptual framework and an empirical analysis of housing inequality in transitional urban China. Using the 1995 1% Population Survey and the 2000 Census data for Beijing, it shows that there was significant housing inequality between different socio-economic and institutional groups, and that the reforms in the late 1990s aggravated it. While emerging market mechanisms began to contribute to housing inequality, socialist institutions such as the household registration (hukou) system continued to be significant in the late 1990s, although there is evidence of the declining importance of other institutional factors such as political status. This study contributes to the market transition debate by arguing that different elements of the socialist institutions follow different paths in the reform and thus have different impacts on social inequality. Resume En Chine, le marche de transition s'est traduit par une inegalite sociale considerable, y compris en matiere de logement, dans une societe autrefois egalitaire. Cet article fournit un cadre conceptuel et une analyse empirique de l'inegalite du logement dans la Chine urbaine en transition. Exploitant les donnees de l'enquete sur 1% de la population nationale de 1995 et celles du recensement de 2000 pour Beijing, il montre qu'il existait une nette inegalite de logement entre differents groupes socio-economiques et institutionnels, laquelle a ete aggravee par les reformes de la fin des annees 1990. Tandis que les mecanismes d'un marche emergent se sont mis alimenter l'inegalite de logement, des institutions socialistes telles que le systeme d'enregistrement des menages (hukou) ont garde leur preponderance, meme si on peut demontrer le recul d'autres facteurs institutionnels comme la position politique. Cette etude s'inscrit dans le debat sur le marche de transition en affirmant que differents elements des institutions socialistes suivent des trajectoires differentes dans le cadre de la reforme, ayant donc des impacts differents sur l'inegalite sociale.
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