Journal
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
Volume 46, Issue 10, Pages 1972-1983Publisher
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.buildenv.2011.04.005
Keywords
Cooling energy use; Household energy; HVAC systems; Modeling input parameters; Field measurements
Funding
- American Society of Heating, Refrigerating, and Air-Conditioning Engineers [RP-1299]
- National Science Foundation [0549428]
- Division Of Graduate Education
- Direct For Education and Human Resources [0549428] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
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Forced-air space-conditioning systems are ubiquitous in U.S. residential and light-commercial buildings, yet gaps exist in our knowledge of how they operate in real environments. This investigation strengthens the knowledge base of smaller air-conditioning systems by characterizing a variety of operational characteristics measured in 17 existing residential and light-commercial air-conditioning systems operating in the cooling mode in Austin, Texas. Some key findings include: measured airflow rates were outside of the range recommended by most manufacturers for almost every system: actual measured cooling capacities were less than two-thirds of rated cooling capacities on average: hourly fractional operation times increased approximately 6% for every degrees C increase in indoor-outdoor temperature difference: and lower mean indoor surrogate thermostat settings and higher supply duct leakage fractions were most associated with longer operation times. The operational characteristics and parameters detailed herein provide insight into the magnitude of the effects of HVAC systems on both energy consumption and indoor air quality (IAQ) in residential and light-commercial buildings. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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