Journal
SELF AND IDENTITY
Volume 8, Issue 1, Pages 45-62Publisher
ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
DOI: 10.1080/15298860802079786
Keywords
Self-affirmation; Self-esteem; Defensiveness; Values; Health-risk information
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We developed a new manipulation of self-affirmation that is simple to use, can be employed when circumstances prevent pre-sereening or using essay-based methods, and has a highly equivalent control task. In the process, we addressed theoretical and empirical questions highlighted in a recent review as requiring attention. In comparison to five controls, the manipulation promoted positive changes on measures designed to test whether people are self-affirmed. It produced a similar pattern on these measures to an existing self-affirmation manipulation. The matched control also performed well. There was no evidence of mediation by mood or stale self-esteem or moderation by trait self-esteem. We discuss the potential of the method and associated dependent measures in future self-affirmation research.
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