Journal
BRITISH JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY
Volume 202, Issue 6, Pages 434-440Publisher
CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS
DOI: 10.1192/bjp.bp.112.116228
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Funding
- Fondo de Investigacion Sanitana (FIS) from the Instituto de Salud Carlos III [P110/00372, 07/00770]
- Centro de Investigacion Biornedica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM)
- Centro de Investigacion Biornedica pare Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED)
- Agencia de Gestio d'Ajuts Universitaris i de Recerca of the Generalitat de Catalunya
- Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion of the Spanish Government
- Instituto de Investigacion Carlos III through a 'Miguel Server [CP10-00393]
- European Regional Development Fund (ERDF)
- Institut de Salud Carlos III through a 'Rio Hortega' research fellowship
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Background Findings of brain structural changes in major depressive disorder are still inconsistent, partly because some crucial clinical variables have not been taken into account. Aims To investigate the effect of major depressive disorder on grey matter volumes. Method Voxel-based morphometry was used to compare 66 patients with depression at different illness stages (22 each with first-episode, remitted recurrent and treatment resistant/chronic depression) with 32 healthy controls. Brain volumes were correlated with clinical variables. Results Voxel-based morphometry showed a significant group effect in right superior frontal gyrus, left medial frontal gyrus and left cingulate gyrus (P<0.05, family wise error-corrected). Patients whose condition was treatment resistant/chronic exhibited the smallest volumes in frontotemporal areas. Longer illness duration was negatively correlated with decreases in right medial frontal cortex and left insula. Conclusions Frontotemporolimbic areas are smaller in the patients with severe depression and are associated with duration of illness, but not with medication patterns, suggesting negative effects of long-lasting major depressive disorder on grey matter.
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