Journal
BRITISH JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
Volume 110, Issue 10, Pages 1873-1884Publisher
CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS
DOI: 10.1017/S0007114513001141
Keywords
Glucose; Cognition; Memory; Mood; Glucoregulation; Body composition
Categories
Funding
- GlaxoSmithKline
- Australian Research Council [DP1093834]
- Australian Research Council [DP1093834] Funding Source: Australian Research Council
- Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council [1098829] Funding Source: researchfish
- Economic and Social Research Council [1402992] Funding Source: researchfish
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Glucose facilitation of cognitive function has been widely reported in previous studies (including our own). However, several studies have also failed to detect glucose facilitation. There is sparsity of research examining the factors that modify the effect of glucose on cognition. The aims of the present study were to (1) demonstrate the previously observed enhancement of cognition through glucose administration and (2) investigate some of the factors that may exert moderating roles on the behavioural response to glucose, including glucose regulation, body composition (BC) and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis response. A total of twenty-four participants took part in a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomised, repeated-measures study, which examined the effect of 25 and 60 g glucose compared with placebo on cognitive function. At 1 week before the study commencement, all participants underwent an oral glucose tolerance test. Glucose facilitated performance on tasks of numeric and spatial working memory, verbal declarative memory and speed of recognition. Moderating variables were examined using several indices of glucoregulation and BC. Poorer glucoregulation predicted improved immediate word recall accuracy following the administration of 25 g glucose compared with placebo. Those with better glucoregulation showed performance decrements on word recall accuracy following the administration of 25 g glucose compared with placebo. These findings are in line with accumulating evidence that glucose load may preferentially enhance cognition in those with poorer glucoregulation. Furthermore, the finding that individuals with better glucoregulation may suffer impaired performance following a glucose load is novel and requires further substantiation.
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