Journal
BRITISH JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
Volume 110, Issue 9, Pages 1732-1741Publisher
CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS
DOI: 10.1017/S0007114513000998
Keywords
Maternal diet; Prebiotic fibre; Gut hormones; Fetal programming
Categories
Funding
- Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council (RGPIN) [238382-2008]
- NSERC Postgraduate Scholarship
- a Frederick Banting and Charles Best Canada Graduate Scholarship
- a CIHR Training Award in Genetics, Child Development and Health
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The negative effects of malnourishment in utero have been widely explored; the effects of increased maternal macronutrient intake are not known in relation to high fibre, and have been inconclusive with regard to high protein. In the present study, virgin Wistar dams were fed either a control (C), high- protein (40 %, w/w; HP) or high- prebiotic fibre (21.6 %, w/w; HF) diet throughout pregnancy and lactation. Pups consumed the C diet from 3 to 14.5 weeks of age, and then switched to a high- fat/sucrose diet for 8 weeks. A dual- energy X- ray absorptiometry scan and an oral glucose tolerance test were performed and plasma satiety hormones measured. The final body weight and the percentage of body fat were significantly affected by the interaction between maternal diet and offspring sex: weight and fat mass were higher in the female offspring of the HP v. HF dams. No differences in body weight or fat mass were seen in the male offspring. There was a significant sex effect for fasting and total AUC for ghrelin and fasting GIP, with females having higher levels than males. Liver TAG content and plasma NEFA were lower in the offspring of high- prebiotic fibre dams (HF1) than in those of high- protein dams (HP1) and control dams (C1). Intestinal expression of GLUT2 was decreased in HF1 and HP1 v. C1. The maternal HP and HF diets had lasting effects on body fat and hepatic TAG accumulation in the offspring, particularly in females. Whereas the HP diet predisposes to an obese phenotype, the maternal HF diet appears to reduce the susceptibility to obesity following a high- energy diet challenge in adulthood.
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