Journal
ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
Volume 87, Issue 3, Pages 2007-2015Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/ac504589d
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Funding
- Jiangsu Nanobody Engineering and Research Center of China [2014-01]
- National Basic Research Program of China [2010CB732400]
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [21035002, 21375014, 21175021]
- Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities [3207043903]
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Acute renal failure (ARF) represents a very important and potentially devastating disorder in clinical nephrology. Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) is an early biomarker for ARF in a wide range of different disease processes, which is frequently detected in clinical diagnosis. Herein, we present a label-free and sensitive photoelectrochemical (PEC) immunosensor for NGAL by utilizing a biotinylated anti-NGAL Nanobody (Nb) orientedly immobilized to streptavidin-coated cobalt 2,9,16,23-tetraaminophthalocyanine (CoPc)-sensitized TiO2 electrode. The Nb was biotinylated at the C-terminus, which is situated at the opposite site of the antigen binding region. Using highly oriented Nb as receptor molecules, a label-free PEC immunosensor for NGAL was developed by monitoring the changes in the photocurrent signals of the electrode resulting from immunoreaction. Immobilization of Nb to streptavidin-coated CoPc-sensitized TiO2 electrode surface provides high binding capacity to NGAL; thus, it can lead to a high sensitivity. The limit of detection (LOD) of the proposed immunosensor has been significantly lowered to 0.6 pg mL(-1). This proposed immunosensor reveals high specificity to detect NGAL, with acceptable intra-assay precision and excellent stability. In addition, the present work provides a new approach to design Nb-based PEC immunosensor and increases versatility of Nbs.
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