Journal
BRITISH JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY
Volume 76, Issue 2, Pages 263-268Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2125.2012.04297.x
Keywords
cytokines; IL-1; type 2 diabetes; inflammation
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Metabolic diseases are associated with activation of the innate immune system in various tissues and characterized by elevated inflammatory factors and the presence of immune cells. Type 2 diabetes develops when islet beta cells are deficient in producing sufficient insulin to overcome peripheral insulin resistance. Intra-islet IL-1 activity diminishes beta cell function and survival and governs islet inflammation. Targeting the IL-1 system with the IL-1 receptor antagonist IL1Ra improved insulin secretion, glycaemia and reduced systemic inflammation in a proof of concept study with patients with type 2 diabetes. Currently, long lasting and specific IL-1 blocking antibodies are being evaluated in clinical trials and this may lead to a novel cytokine-based treatment for type 2 diabetes.
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