Clinical reports of pulmonary metastasectomy for colorectal cancer: a citation network analysis

INTRODUCTION: Pulmonary metastasectomy for colorectal cancer is a commonly performed and well-established practice of similar to 50 years standing. However, there have been no controlled studies, randomised or otherwise. We sought to investigate the evidence base that has been used in establishing its status as a standard of care. METHODS: Among 51 papers used in a recent systematic review and quantitative synthesis, a citation network analysis was performed. A total of 344 publications (the 51 index papers and a further 293 cited in them) constitute the citation network. RESULTS: The pattern of citation is that of a citation cascade. Specific analyses show the frequent use of historical or landmark papers, which add authority. Papers expressing an opposing viewpoint are rarely cited. CONCLUSIONS: The citation network for this common and well-established practice provides an example of selective citation. This pattern of citation tends to escalate belief in a clinical practice even when it lacks a high-quality evidence base and may create an impression of more authority than is warranted. British Journal of Cancer (2011) 104, 1085-1097. doi: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6606060 www.bjcancer.com Published online 8 March 2011 (c) 2011 Cancer Research UK