C-reactive protein haplotype is associated with high PSA as a marker of metastatic prostate cancer but not with overall cancer risk

Growing evidence points to a role for inflammation in prostate carcinogenesis. The significance of C-reactive protein (CRP), an inflammatory and innate immunity molecule, has not been evaluated thoroughly in prostate cancer (P C). In this study of 739 Finnish patients with PC and 760 healthy men, we evaluated the associations of CRP genotypes and haplotypes with total PC risk and PC progression, using prostate-specific antigen (PSA) as a marker of metastatic disease. Although the haplotype frequencies were similar in patients and controls, an association between haplotype ACCCA and patients' PSA levels was found. The carriers more often had a high PSA than non-carriers (P = 0.0002) and the SNP rs2794521 A-allele and rs1800947 C-allele carriers had a higher PSA than non-carriers (P = 0.009 and P = 0.0004, respectively). A trend for a younger age at diagnosis was found among the carriers of ACCCA (P = 0.07) and the rs1800947 C-allele (P = 0.06), as well as a trend for the latter to have more likely metastases (P = 0.06), but not after Bonferroni correction (alpha = 0.00208). This is the first study to suggest association between PSA and CRP variants in PC and, therefore, further studies are warranted. CRP alleles previously found to protect against increased CRP levels are now suggested to be associated with metastatic PC, indicated by elevated PSA. British Journal of Cancer (2009) 100, 1846-1851. doi: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6605081 www.bjcancer.com Published online 12 May 2009 (C) 2009 Cancer Research UK