Journal
JOURNAL OF ANTHROPOLOGICAL ARCHAEOLOGY
Volume 29, Issue 2, Pages 137-154Publisher
ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1016/j.jaa.2010.01.001
Keywords
Cities; Urbanism; Neighborhoods; Districts; Communities; Comparative analysis
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The spatial division of cities into residential zones is a universal feature of urban life from the earliest cities to the present. I propose a two-level classification of such zones that archaeologists can use to analyze preindustrial cities. Neighborhoods are small areas of intensive face-to-face social interaction, whereas districts are larger areas that serve as administrative units within cities. I review comparative historical data on neighborhoods and districts and outline archaeological methods for their identification and analysis. Illustrative cases are drawn from Mesopotamia and Mesoamerica, and I conclude with a review of the major top-down and bottom-up social forces that generate and shape neighborhoods and districts in preindustrial cities. (C) 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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