Journal
BREAST CANCER RESEARCH AND TREATMENT
Volume 114, Issue 3, Pages 559-568Publisher
SPRINGER
DOI: 10.1007/s10549-008-0028-z
Keywords
Hypermethylation; Estrogen receptor; Progesterone receptor; Breast cancer; Epidemiology
Categories
Funding
- National Cancer Institute [R01CA92585]
- DOD [DAMD 17030446, DAMD 179616202]
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Aberrant DNA hypermethylation of gene promoter regions has been increasingly recognized as a common molecular alteration in carcinogenesis. We evaluated the association between major clinicopathological features and hypermethylation of genes in tumors among 803 incidence breast cancer cases from a large population-based case-control study conducted in Western New York State. DNA samples were isolated from archive paraffin embedded tumor tissue and were analyzed for hypermethylation status of the E-cadherin, p16, and RAR-beta (2) genes using real time methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction. The frequencies of hypermethylation were 20.0% for E-cadherin, 25.9% for p16, and 27.5% for RAR-beta (2) genes. For postmenopausal women, hypermethylation of E-cadherin tended to be more likely in progesterone receptor (PR) negative than in PR-positive tumors (odds ratio (OR), 1.41; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.91-2.18). Hypermethylation of p16 tended to be more frequent among estrogen receptor (ER) negative cases than ER-positive cases (OR, 1.51; 95% CI, 1.01-2.32). Hypermethylation of RAR-beta (2) gene was inversely associated with histological and nuclear grade of breast cancer.
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