Journal
BRAIN RESEARCH REVIEWS
Volume 63, Issue 1-2, Pages 189-211Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresrev.2009.11.004
Keywords
Glia; Astrocyte; Microglia; Neurodegeneration; Alzheimer's disease; Parkinson's disease; Dementia; Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
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Funding
- Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft
- Deutsche Krebshilfe [10-6789]
- Wilhelm Sander foundation [2006.001.1]
- Alzheimer's Research Trust (UK) [ART/PG2004A/1]
- National Institute of Health (NIH)
- Grant Agency of the Czech Republic [GACR 309/09/1696, GACR 305/08/1384]
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Neuroglial cells are fundamental for control of brain homeostasis and they represent the intrinsic brain defence system. All forms in neuropathology therefore inevitably involve glia. The neurodegenerative diseases disrupt connectivity within brain circuits affecting neuronal neuronal, neuronal glial and glial glial contacts. In addition neurodegenerative processes trigger universal and conserved glial reactions represented by astrogliosis and microglial activation. The complex of recently acquired knowledge allows us to regard the neurodegenerative diseases as primarily gliodegenerative processes, in which glial cells determine the progression and outcome of neuropathological process. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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