Journal
BRAIN RESEARCH
Volume 1559, Issue -, Pages 46-54Publisher
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2014.02.007
Keywords
Nobiletin; Citrus polymethoxylated flavone; Ischemic stroke; Neutrophil infiltration; Motor function deficit; Neuroprotectant
Categories
Funding
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science [22659010, 23249005]
- Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry, and Fisheries, Japan
- Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research [26102736, 22659010, 23249005] Funding Source: KAKEN
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Nobiletin, a citrus polymethoxylated flavone, is reported to possess various pharmacological activities such as anticancer, anti-inflammation, and antioxidant effects. Recently, nobiletin was shown to provide therapeutic benefit for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease by activating cAMP-response element-binding protein (CREB). In the present study, we investigated whether nobiletin could protect the brain against ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury and improve functional outcome in cerebral I/R model rats, since CREB activation is known to protect neuronal cells in cerebral ischemia. Nobiletin was injected twice at 0 and 1 h after the start of reperfusion in transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (t-MCAO) rats. Cerebral I/R induced prominent brain damage in the ischemic hemisphere of t-MCAO rat brains; however, nobiletin treatment significantly reduced the infarct volume and suppressed the brain edema. Immunohistochemical and TUNEL staining indicated that nobiletin treatment significantly suppressed neutrophil invasion into the ischemic region and significantly decreased apoptotic brain cell death in ischemic hemisphere, suggesting that the anti-inflammatory effect and anti-apoptotic effect should be regarded as the neuroprotective mechanism of nobiletin. Moreover, nobiletin treatment ameliorated motor functional deficits in the ischemic rats compared with those deficits of the vehicle-treated group. These results indicate that nobiletin is a potential neuroprotectant for the treatment of cerebral I/R injury. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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