Journal
BRAIN RESEARCH
Volume 1373, Issue -, Pages 124-130Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2010.12.007
Keywords
Endophenotype; Anxiety; Depression; Cognitive bias; Chick; Straight-alley maze
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Funding
- Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council [BB/E012000/1] Funding Source: researchfish
- Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council [BB/E012000/1] Funding Source: Medline
- BBSRC [BB/E012000/1] Funding Source: UKRI
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Cognitive bias is a phenomenon that presents in clinical populations where anxious individuals tend to adopt a more pessimistic-like interpretation of ambiguous aversive stimuli whereas depressed individuals tend to adopt a less optimistic-like interpretation of ambiguous appetitive stimuli. To further validate the chick anxiety-depression model as a neuropsychiatric simulation we sought to quantify this cognitive endophenotype. Chicks exposed to an isolation stressor of 5 m to induce an anxiety-like or 60 m to induce a depressive-like state were then tested in a straight alley maze to a series of morphed ambiguous appetitive (chick silhouette) to aversive (owl silhouette) cues. In non-isolated controls, runway start and goal latencies generally increased as a function of greater amounts of aversive characteristics in the cues. In chicks in the anxiety-like state, runway latencies were increased to aversive ambiguous cues, reflecting more pessimistic-like behavior. In chicks in the depression-like state, runway latencies were increased to both aversive and appetitive ambiguous cues, reflecting more pessimistic-like and less optimistic-like behavior, respectively. (c) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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