Journal
BIOGEOSCIENCES
Volume 8, Issue 8, Pages 2341-2350Publisher
COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH
DOI: 10.5194/bg-8-2341-2011
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Funding
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) [41071151, 30821003]
- Sino-German DFG Research Training Group [GK1070]
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Chinese grasslands are extensive natural ecosystems that comprise 40% of the total land area of the country and are sensitive to N deposition. A field experiment with six N rates (0, 30, 60, 120, 240, and 480 kg N ha(-1) yr(-1)) was conducted at Duolun, Inner Mongolia, during 2005 and 2010 to identify some effects of N addition on a temperate steppe ecosystem. The dominant plant species in the plots were divided into two categories, grasses and forbs, on the basis of species life forms. Enhanced N deposition, even as little as 30 kg N ha(-1) yr(-1) above ambient N deposition (16 kg N ha(-1) yr(-1)), led to a decline in species richness. The cover of grasses increased with N addition rate but their species richness showed a weak change across N treatments. Both species richness and cover of forbs declined strongly with increasing N deposition as shown by linear regression analysis (p < 0.05). Increasing N deposition elevated aboveground production of grasses but lowered aboveground biomass of forbs. Plant N concentration, plant delta N-15 and soil mineral N increased with N addition, showing positive relationships between plant delta N-15 and N concentration, soil mineral N and/or applied N rate. The cessation of N application in the 480 kg N ha(-1) yr(-1) treatment in 2009 and 2010 led to a slight recovery of the forb species richness relative to total cover and aboveground biomass, coinciding with reduced plant N concentration and soil mineral N. The results show N deposition-induced changes in soil N transformations and plant N assimilation that are closely related to changes in species composition and biomass accumulation in this temperate steppe ecosystem.
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