Journal
BOUNDARY-LAYER METEOROLOGY
Volume 148, Issue 1, Pages 195-206Publisher
SPRINGER
DOI: 10.1007/s10546-013-9804-3
Keywords
Dunes; Flow over a hill; Turbulence; Velocity shift
Categories
Funding
- ANR Zephyr [ERCS07_18]
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Flow that is topographically forced by hills and sand dunes accelerates on the upwind (stoss) slopes and reduces on the downwind (lee) slopes. This secondary wind regime, however, possesses a subtle effect, reported here for the first time from field measurements of near-surface wind velocity over a low dune: the wind velocity close to the surface reaches its maximum upwind of the crest. Our field measurements show that this upwind phase shift of velocity with respect to topography is found to be in quantitative agreement with the prediction of hydrodynamical linear analysis for turbulent flows with first-order closures. This effect, together with sand transport spatial relaxation, is at the origin of the mechanisms of dune initiation, instability and growth.
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