Journal
CLINICAL MEDICINE INSIGHTS-CARDIOLOGY
Volume 8, Issue -, Pages 23-33Publisher
SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD
DOI: 10.4137/CMC.S17067
Keywords
fatty acid-binding protein; metabolic syndrome; inflammation; cardiovascular disease
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Funding
- JSPS KAKENHI
- Uehara Memorial Foundation
- SENSHIN Medical Research Foundation
- Japan Diabetes Foundation
- Takeda Medical Research Foundation
- Ono Medical Research Foundation
- Takeda Science Foundation
- Akiyama Life Science Foundation
- Yamaguchi Endocrine Research Foundation
- Kondou Kinen Medical Foundation
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Over the past decade, evidences of an integration of metabolic and inflammatory pathways, referred to as metaflammation in several aspects of metabolic syndrome, have been accumulating. Fatty acid-binding protein 4 (FABP4), also known as adipocyte FABP (A-FABP) or aP2, is mainly expressed in adipocytes and macrophages and plays an important role in the development of insulin resistance and atherosclerosis in relation to metaflammation. Despite lack of a typical secretory signal peptide, FABP4 has been shown to be released from adipocytes in a non-classical pathway associated with lipolysis, possibly acting as an adipokine. Elevation of circulating FABP4 levels is associated with obesity, insulin resistance, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, cardiac dysfunction, atherosclerosis, and cardiovascular events. Furthermore, ectopic expression and function of FABP4 in several types of cells and tissues have been recently demonstrated. Here, we discuss both the significant role of FABP4 in pathophysiological insights and its usefulness as a biomarker of metabolic and cardiovascular diseases.
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