Journal
RSC ADVANCES
Volume 5, Issue 122, Pages 100865-100872Publisher
ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
DOI: 10.1039/c5ra22237k
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Funding
- Joint Fund of Coal
- National Natural Science Foundation of China
- Shenhua Co., Ltd. [U1261104]
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [21276041]
- Chinese Ministry of Education via the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University [NCET-12-0079]
- Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning Province [2015020200]
- Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities [DUT15LK41]
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The effect of the molybdenum carbide concentration, in the range of 0.2-3.0 wt% (nominal loading), on modified supported nickel catalysts on ZrO2 (Mo2C-Ni/ZrO2) for steam-CO2 bi-reforming of methane was investigated by correlating the various characterization results, including X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), N-2 physisorption (BET), H-2 temperature-programmed reduction (H-2-TPR), inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), to the catalytic performance. It was found that the Ni dispersion increased with an increase in Mo2C loading, which might lead to the strong Ni-ZrO2 interactions confirmed by XPS. However, an appropriate Mo2C loading is required to obtain a high surface Mo(II) content that may promote the reforming reaction by serving as another active species besides Ni. The optimized modified Ni/ZrO2 with 0.5 wt% nominal Mo2C loading exhibits higher catalytic activity than the others for steam-CO2 bi-reforming of methane, which is ascribed to an increased Ni dispersion and a higher Mo(II) content. Moreover, the developed 0.5 wt% Mo2C-10 wt% Ni/ZrO2 catalyst shows higher catalytic stability in comparison with the unmodified 10 wt% Ni/ZrO2 catalyst, which is ascribed to the different coke types caused by the diverse strength of the Ni-ZrO2 interactions for the modified and unmodified catalysts.
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