Glucocorticoid treatment independently affects expansion and transdifferentiation of porcine neonatal pancreas cell clusters

The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of duration and timing of glucocorticoid treatment on the expansion and differentiation of porcine neonatal pancreas cell clusters (NPCCs) into beta-cells. After transplantation of NPCCs, the ductal cyst area and beta-cell mass in the grafts both showed positive and negative correlations with duration of dexamethasone (Dx) treatment. Pdx-1 and HNF-3 beta gene expression was significantly downregulated following Dx treatment, whereas PGC-1 alpha expression increased. Pancreatic duct cell apoptosis significantly increased following Dx treatment, whereas proliferation did not change. Altogether, transdifferentiation of porcine NPCCs into beta-cells was influenced by the duration of Dx treatment, which might have been due to the suppression of key pancreatic transcription factors. PGC-1 alpha plays an important role in the expansion and transdifferentiation of porcine NPCCs, and the initial 2 weeks following transplantation of porcine NPCCs is a critical period in determining the final beta-cell mass in grafts. [BMB reports 2012; 45(1): 51-56]