Journal
BMB REPORTS
Volume 41, Issue 1, Pages 11-22Publisher
KOREAN SOCIETY BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
DOI: 10.5483/BMBRep.2008.41.1.011
Keywords
apoptosis; Bcl-2 family; calcium; ER; mitochondria; mitochondrial fusion/fission; mitochondria-shaping
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Funding
- National Research Foundation of Korea [2007-04363, 2006-331-E00029] Funding Source: Korea Institute of Science & Technology Information (KISTI), National Science & Technology Information Service (NTIS)
- Intramural NIH HHS [Z99 NS999999] Funding Source: Medline
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Apoptosis (programmed cell death) is a cellular self-destruction mechanism that is essential for a variety of biological events, such as developmental sculpturing, tissue homeostasis, and the removal of unwanted cells. Mitochondria play a crucial role in regulating cell death. Ca2+ has long been recognized as a participant in apoptotic pathways. Mitochondria are known to modulate and synchronize Ca2+ signaling. Massive accumulation of Ca2+ in the mitochondria leads to apoptosis. The Ca2+ dynamics of ER and mitochondria appear to be modulated by the Bcl-2 family proteins, key factors involved in apoptosis. The number and morphology of mitochondria are precisely controlled through mitochondrial fusion and fission process by numerous mitochondria-shaping proteins. Mitochondrial fission accompanies apoptotic cell death and appears to be important for progression of the apoptotic pathway. Here, we highlight and discuss the role of mitochondrial calcium handling and mitochondrial fusion and fission machinery in apoptosis.
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