Journal
BLOOD
Volume 116, Issue 19, Pages 3944-3954Publisher
AMER SOC HEMATOLOGY
DOI: 10.1182/blood-2010-03-267419
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Funding
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases [3R01DK074482-01]
- Institutional Research and Academic Career Development Award [GMO68524]
- University of California, San Diego [CURE 5P30CA23100-22S2]
- San Diego State University [MARC 5T34GM08303]
- National Research Service Award [T32-HL086344]
- National Institutes of Health [R01-AI056189, R01-DK074482]
- American Society of Hematology
- Arnold and Mabel Beckman Foundation
- Senyei Family Foundation
- National Institutes of Environmental Health Sciences [ES011587, ES03850, ES00210, ES013124]
- National Center for Research Resources [RR12546]
- Center for Fish Disease Research
- John Fryer Salmon Disease Laboratory at Oregon State University
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Eosinophils are granulocytic leukocytes implicated in numerous aspects of immunity and disease. The precise functions of eosinophils, however, remain enigmatic. Alternative models to study eosinophil biology may thus yield novel insights into their function. Eosinophilic cells have been observed in zebrafish but have not been thoroughly characterized. We used a gata2:eGFP transgenic animal to enable prospective isolation and characterization of zebrafish eosinophils, and demonstrate that all gata2(hi) cells in adult hematopoietic tissues are eosinophils. Although eosinophils are rare in most organs, they are readily isolated from whole kidney marrow and abundant within the peritoneal cavity. Molecular analyses demonstrate that zebrafish eosinophils express genes important for the activities of mammalian eosinophils. In addition, gata2(hi) cells degranulate in response to helminth extract. Chronic exposure to helminthrelated allergens resulted in profound eosinophilia, demonstrating that eosinophil responses to allergens have been con-served over evolution. Importantly, infection of adult zebrafish with Pseudocapillaria tomentosa, a natural nematode pathogen of teleosts, caused marked increases in eosinophil number within the intestine. Together, these observations support a conserved role for eosinophils in the response to helminth antigens or infection and provide a new model to better understand how parasitic worms activate, co-opt, or evade the vertebrate immune response. (Blood. 2010; 116(19):3944-3954)
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