Journal
BLOOD
Volume 113, Issue 12, Pages 2619-2628Publisher
AMER SOC HEMATOLOGY
DOI: 10.1182/blood-2008-11-163501
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Funding
- US-Israel Binational Science Foundation (Jerusalem, Israel)
- Israeli Science Foundation (Jerusalem, Israel)
- National Cancer Institute (Bethesda, MD) [1R01CA120772-01A2, 2R01CA101774]
- Samuel Waxman Cancer Research Foundation (New York, NY)
- Leukemia& Lymphoma Society (White Plains, NY)
- Fondation pour la Recherche Medicale (FRM
- Paris, France)
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Children with Down syndrome (DS) show a spectrum of clinical anomalies, including cognitive impairment, cardiac malformations, and craniofacial dysmorphy. Moreover, hematologists have also noted that these children commonly show macrocytosis, abnormal platelet counts, and an increased incidence of transient myeloproliferative disease (TMD), acute megakaryocytic leukemia (AMKL), and acute lymphoid leukemia (ALL). In this review, we summarize the clinical manifestations and characteristics of these leukemias, provide an update on therapeutic strategies and patient outcomes, and discuss the most recent advances in DS-leukemia research. With the increased knowledge of the way in which trisomy 21 affects hematopoiesis and the specific genetic mutations that are found in DS-associated leukemias, we are well on our way toward designing improved strategies for treating both myeloid and lymphoid malignancies in this high-risk population. (Blood. 2009; 113: 2619-2628)
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