The relationship between total body fat and distribution of bony fat mass and markers of insulin resistance in young women with normal weight - a pilot study

Introduction. Total body fat and body fat distribution are factors closely associated with development of insulin resistance, including subjects with normal body weight and BMI (body mass index). Objectives. The objective of the study was to determine relation between insulin resistance index and selected parameters of body fat distribution in potentially healthy young females with body mass index below 25 kg/m(2). Material and methods. Study group consisted of 36 women with a BMI < 25 kg/m(2), who underwent anthropometric measurements, i.e.: height, weight, waist circumference, hip circumference and blood pressure measurement. The segmental body composition was measured by of the use of the bioelectric impedance analysis (BIA). Moreover, oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was performed with blood collection in 0, 60 and 120 minute of the test. The fasting samples were used for determination of concentrations of glucose, insulin, C-peptide, a total cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL and LDL cholesterol. The following insulin resistance indices were calculated: HOMA-IR, HOMA2-IR, HOMA2%B, HOMA2-%S and IRI/G. Results. All the volunteers presented normal glucose tolerance in 120 minute of the OGTT test, as well as normal values of IRK index. Moreover, for such parameters as: total cholesterol, HDL and LDL cholesterol, triglycerides and CRP no values outside the reference range were found. C-peptide concentration was found to be significantly correlated with total body fat (r = 0.532; p = 0.001) and trunk fat mass (r = 0.471; p = 0.004). Conclusions. In the young, non-obese women it seems to be justified to test concentration of glucose and C-peptide while assessing potential insulin resistance with simultaneous examination of the total and trunk body fat.