Journal
ANTIVIRAL RESEARCH
Volume 137, Issue -, Pages 93-101Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2016.11.004
Keywords
Cathelicidin; Interferons; Respiratory viruses
Categories
Funding
- European Respiratory Society
- British Medical Association
- Romanian Ministry of National Education, CNCS - UEFISCDI [PN-II-ID-PCE-2012-4-0417]
- Wellcome Trust [063717, 083567/Z/07/Z, 063967]
- University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj, Romania [1494 /2014]
- ERC [233015]
- Asthma UK [02/027, 05/067]
- British Lung Foundation [P04/13, P06/3, 00/02]
- MRC Centre [G1000758]
- UCB Institute of Allergy
- Medical Research Council [G1000758] Funding Source: researchfish
- National Institute for Health Research [NF-SI-0514-10092] Funding Source: researchfish
- Asthma UK [CH11SJ] Funding Source: researchfish
- MRC [G1100238] Funding Source: UKRI
Ask authors/readers for more resources
Background: By modulating the antiviral immune response via vitamin D receptor, the active form of vitamin D (1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D, calcitriol) could play a central role in protection against respiratory virus infections. This in vitro study tested the hypothesis that respiratory viruses modulate vitamin D receptor expression in human bronchial epithelial cells and this modulation affects the antiviral response to exogenous vitamin D. Methods: Human primary bronchial epithelial cells were infected with rhinoviruses and respiratory syncytial virus in the presence or absence of vitamin D. Expression of vitamin D receptor, 1 alpha-hydroxylase (1 alpha(OH)ase), 24-hydroxylase (24(OH)ase), innate interferons, interferon stimulated genes and cathelicidin were measured by quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The antiviral effect of vitamin D on rhinovirus replication was determined by measurement of virus load. A direct inactivation assay was used to determine the antiviral activity of cathelicidin. Results: Both RV and RSV decreased vitamin D receptor and 24(OH)ase and, in addition, RSV increased 1 alpha(OH)ase expression in epithelial cells. Vitamin D decreased rhinovirus replication and release, and increased rhinovirus-induced interferon stimulated genes and cathelicidin. Furthermore, cathelicidin had direct anti-rhinovirus activity. Conclusions: Despite lower vitamin D receptor levels in rhinovirus-infected epithelial cells, exogenous vitamin D increased antiviral defences most likely via cathelicidin and innate interferon pathways. (C) 2016 Published by Elsevier B.V.
Authors
I am an author on this paper
Click your name to claim this paper and add it to your profile.
Reviews
Recommended
No Data Available