Journal
BIOFOULING
Volume 33, Issue 9, Pages 722-740Publisher
TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
DOI: 10.1080/08927014.2017.1361412
Keywords
Biofilms; Streptococcus mutans; extracellular matrix; exopolysaccharides; eDNA; lipoteichoic acids
Funding
- Sao Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP) [2014/05423-0, 2014/21355-4]
- National Counsel of Technological and Scientific Development (CNPq, PIBIC) [29716, 35803, 39550, 41910]
- National Institute for Dental and Craniofacial Research [DE017425-06]
- FAPESP [2009/54035-4]
- NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF DENTAL & CRANIOFACIAL RESEARCH [R01DE013683] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
- NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF DENTAL &CRANIOFACIAL RESEARCH [R01DE017425] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
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Streptococcus mutans-derived exopolysaccharides are virulence determinants in the matrix of biofilms that cause caries. Extracellular DNA (eDNA) and lipoteichoic acid (LTA) are found in cariogenic biofilms, but their functions are unclear. Therefore, strains of S. mutans carrying single deletions that would modulate matrix components were used: eDNA -Delta lytS and Delta lytT; LTA -Delta dltA and Delta dltD; and insoluble exopolysaccharide -Delta gtfB. Single-species (parental strain S. mutans UA159 or individual mutant strains) and mixed-species (UA159 or mutant strain, Actinomyces naeslundii and Streptococcus gordonii) biofilms were evaluated. Distinct amounts of matrix components were detected, depending on the inactivated gene. eDNA was found to be cooperative with exopolysaccharide in early phases, while LTA played a larger role in the later phases of biofilm development. The architecture of mutant strains biofilms was distinct (vs UA159), demonstrating that eDNA and LTA influence exopolysaccharide distribution and microcolony organization. Thus, eDNA and LTA may shape exopolysaccharide structure, affecting strategies for controlling pathogenic biofilms.
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