Journal
BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BIOENGINEERING
Volume 111, Issue 7, Pages 1273-1287Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1002/bit.25240
Keywords
cofactor specificity; substrate specificity; computational protein design; multienzyme catalysis; synthetic scaffolds; enzyme compartmentalization
Categories
Funding
- National Science Foundation [0967062]
- Directorate For Engineering
- Div Of Chem, Bioeng, Env, & Transp Sys [0967062] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
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Protein engineers are increasingly able to rely on structure-function insights, computational methods, and deeper understanding of natural biosynthesis processes, to streamline the design and applications of enzymes. This review highlights recent successes in applying new or improved protein engineering strategies toward the design of improved enzymes and enzymes with new activities. We focus on three approaches: structure-guided protein design, computational design, and the use of novel scaffolding and compartmentalization techniques to improve performance of multienzyme systems. Examples described address problems relating to enzyme specificity, stability, and/or activity, or aim to balance sequential reactions and route intermediates by co-localizing multiple enzymes. Specific applications include improving production of biofuels using enzymes with altered cofactor specificity, production of high-value chiral compounds by enzymes with tailored substrate specificities, and accelerated cellulose degradation via multi-enzyme scaffold assemblies. Collectively, these studies demonstrate a growing variety of computational and molecular biology tools. Continued advances on these fronts coupled with better mindfulness of how to apply proteins in unique ways offer exciting prospects for future protein engineering and biocatalysis research. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2014;111: 1273-1287. (c) 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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