Journal
BIOTECHNOLOGY ADVANCES
Volume 27, Issue 4, Pages 353-370Publisher
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2009.02.003
Keywords
DNA vaccine; Plasmid; Vector; Fermentation; Escherichia coli; Gene therapy
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Funding
- NIAID NIH HHS [R43 AI071660-01A1] Funding Source: Medline
- NIGMS NIH HHS [R44 GM072141-02, R43 GM072141-01, R44 GM072141-03] Funding Source: Medline
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Critical molecular and cellular biological factors impacting design of licensable DNA vaccine vectors that combine high yield and integrity during bacterial production with increased expression in mammalian cells are reviewed. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), World Health Organization (WHO) and European Medical Agencies (EMEA) regulatory guidance's are discussed. as they relate to vector design and plasmid fermentation. While all new vectors will require extensive preclinical testing to validate safety and performance prior to clinical use, regulatory testing burden for follow-on products can be reduced by combining carefully designed synthetic genes with existing validated vector backbones. A flowchart for creation of new synthetic genes, combining rationale design with bioinformatics, is presented. The biology of plasmid replication is reviewed. and process engineering strategies that reduce metabolic burden discussed. Utilizing recently developed low metabolic burden seed stock and fermentation strategies, optimized vectors can now be manufactured in high yields exceeding 2 g/L. with specific plasmid yields of 5% total dry cell weight. (c) 2009 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved
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