Journal
BIOSENSORS & BIOELECTRONICS
Volume 130, Issue -, Pages 367-373Publisher
ELSEVIER ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY
DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2018.09.041
Keywords
Paper-based; Low-cost; Chemiresistive; Biosensors; Single-walled carbon nanotubes; Point-of-care
Categories
Funding
- National Science Foundation, USA [1606181]
- W. Ruel Johnson Chair
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Paper-based biosensors are promising for low-cost diagnostics. However, its widespread use has been hampered due to a lack of sensitive detection methods that can be easily implemented on paper substrates. On the other hand, single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) -based chemiresistive biosensors are gaining popularity as label-free, highly sensitive biosensors. However, traditional SWNT-based chemiresistors need to be more affordable for use in resource-limited settings. In this study, we report fabrication, optimization and analytical characterization of a chemiresistive biosensor on paper for label-free immunosensing. We synthesized a water-based ink using pyrene carboxylic acid (PCA) through non-covalent pi-pi stacking interaction between PCA and SWNTs. The PCA/SWNTs ink concentration can reach similar to 4 mg mL(-1) and was stable at room temperature for one month. We introduced a combination of wax printing and vacuum filtration to fabricate the hydrophilic channels and the well-defined PCA/SWNTs ink deposition on paper in a facile manner requiring no additional masks or stencils. Specific antibodies were then functionalized on the PCA/SWNTs. Quantitative and selective detection of human serum albumin (HSA) is demonstrated with a limit of detection (LOD) of 1 pM. This low LOD is attributed to the porous structure of the paper surface, which can accommodate more SWNTs. Furthermore, the hydroxyl group-containing cellulose fibers help connect the SWNTs into an electrical network. The paper -based chemiresistive biosensor proposed here is easy to fabricate, and designed for rapid, sensitive and selective detection of HSA. This work provides a potential platform for automated, disposable paper -based biosensors with multiplexed detection capability and microfluidic controls.
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