Journal
BIOSENSORS & BIOELECTRONICS
Volume 26, Issue 7, Pages 3136-3141Publisher
ELSEVIER ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY
DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2010.12.015
Keywords
Graphene oxide; Sulfonic derivatization; Ion-exchange capacity; Electrochemiluminescence
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Funding
- Natural Science Foundation of China [21075058, 21005036, 20875042, 20805044]
- Higher Educational Science and Technology Program of Shandong [J10LB12]
- Natural Science Foundation [ZR2010BZ004, 2010GJC20808-15]
- Tai-Shan Scholar Research Fund of Shandong Province
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Graphene oxide (GO) obtained from chemical oxidation of flake graphite was derivatized with sulfonic groups to form sulfonic-functionalized GO (GO-SO3-) through four sulfonation routes: through amide formation between the carboxylic group of GO and amine of sulfanilic acid (AA-GO-SO3-), aryl diazonium reaction of sulfanilic acid (AD-GO-SO3-), amide formation between the carboxylic group of GO and amine of cysteamine and oxidation by H2O2 (CA-GO-SO3-), and alkyl diazonium reaction of cysteamine and oxidation by H2O2 (CD-GO-SO3-). Results of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectrospectrocopy showed that -SO3- groups were attached onto GO. Thermo gravimetric analysis showed that derivatization with sulfonic groups improved thermo stability of GO. X-ray diffraction results indicated that GO-SO3- had more ordered Tr-Tr stacking structure than the original GO. GO-SO3- and cationic polyelectrote, poly (diallyldimethylammoniumchloride) (PDDA) were adsorbed at indium tin oxide (ITO) glass surface through layer-by-layer assembling to form (GO-SO3-/PDDA)(n)/ITO multilayers. After tris-(2,2'-bipyridyl) ruthenium (II) dichloride (Ru(bpy)(3)(2+)) was incorporated into the multilayers, the obtained Ru(bpy)(3)(2+)/(GO-SO3- /PDDA)(n)/ITO electrodes can be used as electrochemiluminescence sensors for detection of organic amine with high sensitivity (limit of detection of 1 nM) and stability. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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