Journal
NANOPHOTONICS
Volume 7, Issue 9, Pages 1533-1556Publisher
WALTER DE GRUYTER GMBH
DOI: 10.1515/nanoph-2018-0072
Keywords
optical vortex; orbital angular momentum; dynamic phase; geometric phase; metasurfaces; spin-orbit interaction; vortex lasers; fractional vortex; multiplexing; multicasting; vortex array generation
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Funding
- Swinburne Research Institute Seed Fund Grant
- Swinburne ECR-SUPRA Award program
- Swinburne FSET-ECR Award
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [11274106, 11574001, 61761130082, 11774116, 11674167]
- National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program) [2014CB340004]
- Royal Society-Newton Advanced Fellowship
- National Program for Support of Top-notch Young Professionals
- Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province of China [2018CFA048]
- Program for HUST Academic Frontier Youth Team
- Dengfeng Project B of Nanjing University
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This article reviews recent progress leading to the generation of optical vortex beams. After introducing the basics of optical vortex beams and their promising applications, we summarized different approaches for optical vortex generation by discrete components and laser cavities. We place particular emphasis on the recent development of vortex generation by the planar phase plates, which are able to engineer a spiral phase-front via dynamic or geometric phase in nanoscale, and highlight the independent operation of these two different phases which leads to a multifunctional optical vortex beam generation and independent spin-orbit interaction. We also introduced the recent progress on vortex lasing, including vortex beam generation from the output of bulk lasers by modification of conventional laser cavities with phase elements and from integrated on-chip microlasers. Similar approaches are also applied to generate fractional vortex beams carrying fractional topological charge. The advanced technology and approaches on design and nanofabrications enable multiple vortex beams generation from a single device via multiplexing, multicasting, and vortex array, open up opportunities for applications on data processing, information encoding/decoding, communication and parallel data processing, and micromanipulations.
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