Journal
JOURNAL OF FUNGI
Volume 4, Issue 1, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/jof4010008
Keywords
Aspergillus fumigatus; respiratory epithelium; airway epithelial cells (AECs); spore uptake; epithelial responses; morphotypes; fungal pathogenesis; internalization
Categories
Funding
- Medical Research Council [G0501164, MR/L000822/1, MR/M02010X/1]
- Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council [BB/G009619/1]
- Wellcome Trust [WT093596MA]
- Imperial College London (Division of Investigative Sciences Ph.D. Studentships)
- University of Manchester MRC Discovery Award [MC_PC_15072]
- Wellcome Trust Strategic Award [097377/Z/11/Z]
- BBSRC Doctoral Training Programme [BB/M011208/1]
- Israel Science Foundation (ISF) [1347/14]
- BBSRC [BB/G009619/1, 1640253] Funding Source: UKRI
- MRC [MR/M02010X/1, MC_PC_15072, G0501164, MR/L000822/1, MR/S001824/1] Funding Source: UKRI
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Respiratory epithelia fulfil multiple roles beyond that of gaseous exchange, also acting as primary custodians of lung sterility and inflammatory homeostasis. Inhaled fungal spores pose a continual antigenic, and potentially pathogenic, challenge to lung integrity against which the human respiratory mucosa has developed various tolerance and defence strategies. However, respiratory disease and immune dysfunction frequently render the human lung susceptible to fungal diseases, the most common of which are the aspergilloses, a group of syndromes caused by inhaled spores of Aspergillus fumigatus. Inhaled Aspergillus spores enter into a multiplicity of interactions with respiratory epithelia, the mechanistic bases of which are only just becoming recognized as important drivers of disease, as well as possible therapeutic targets. In this mini-review we examine current understanding of Aspergillus-epithelial interactions and, based upon the very latest developments in the field, we explore two apparently opposing schools of thought which view epithelial uptake of Aspergillus spores as either a curative or disease-exacerbating event.
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