Journal
BIOSCIENCE
Volume 62, Issue 8, Pages 744-756Publisher
OXFORD UNIV PRESS
DOI: 10.1525/bio.2012.62.8.7
Keywords
ecosystem-based management; resource management; marine spatial planning; participatory processes; economic valuation; social-ecological systems
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Funding
- Packard Foundation grant
- Canada Research Chairs program
- Canadian Foundation for Innovation
- BC Knowledge Development Fund
- Nature Conservancy
- Research Development Initiative from Canada's Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council
- Programa de Apoyos para la Superacion del Personal Academico de la Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico
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A focus on ecosystem services (ES) is seen as a means for improving decisionmaking. In the research to date, the valuation of the material contributions of ecosystems to human well-being has been emphasized, with less attention to important cultural ES and nonmaterial values. This gap persists because there is no commonly accepted framework for eliciting less tangible values, characterizing their changes, and including them alongside other services in decisionmaking. Here, we develop such a framework for ES research and practice, addressing three challenges: (1) Nonmaterial values are ill suited to characterization using monetary methods; (2) it is difficult to unequivocally link particular changes in socioecological systems to particular changes in cultural benefits; and (3) cultural benefits are associated with many services, not just cultural ES. There is no magic bullet, but our framework may facilitate fuller and more socially acceptable integrations of ES information into planning and management.
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