Journal
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
Volume 156, Issue -, Pages 240-247Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2014.01.026
Keywords
Algal biodiesel; Chlorella sp.; Extractive-transesterification; Hexane; Microwave extraction
Funding
- United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) [SU835519]
- Office of Research and Economic Development (ORED)
- Bagley College of Engineering (BCoE)
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering (CEE) at Mississippi State University
- EPA [673422, SU835519] Funding Source: Federal RePORTER
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This study describes the use of microwaves (MW) for enhanced extractive-transesterification of algal lipids from dry algal biomass (Chlorella sp.). Two different single-step extractive-transesterification methods under MW irradiation were evaluated: (1) with ethanol as solvent/reactant and sodium hydroxide catalyst; and (2) with ethanol as reactant and hexane as solvent (sodium hydroxide catalyst). Biodiesel (fattyacid-ethyl-esters, FAEE) yields from these two methods were compared with the conventional Bligh and Dyer (BD) method which followed a two-step extraction-transesterification process. The maximum lipid yields for MW, MW with hexane and BD methods were 20.1%, 20.1%, and 13.9%, respectively; while the FAEE conversion of the algal lipids were 96.2%, 94.3%, and 78.1%, respectively. The algae-biomass: ethanol molar ratio of 1: 250-500 and 2.0-2.5% catalyst with reaction times around 6 min were determined as optimum conditions for both methods. This study confers that the single-step non-conventional methods can contribute to higher algal lipid and FAEE yields. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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