Journal
DEVELOPMENTAL NEUROBIOLOGY
Volume 78, Issue 2, Pages 68-79Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1002/dneu.22518
Keywords
myelin; oligodendrocyte; plasticity; activity-dependent; glia
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Funding
- Wellcome Trust [104783/Z/14/Z]
- Medical Research Council [G0700711B, G0601744] Funding Source: researchfish
- MRC [G0601744] Funding Source: UKRI
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The concept of adaptive myelinationmyelin plasticity regulated by activityis an important advance for the field. What signals set up the adaptable pattern in the first place? Here we review work that demonstrates an intrinsic pathway within oligodendrocytes requiring only an axon-shaped substrate to generate multilayered and compacted myelin sheaths of a physiological length. Based on this, we discuss a model we proposed in 2015 which argues that myelination has two phasesintrinsic and then adaptivewhich together generate smart wiring, in which active axons become more myelinated. This model explains why prior studies have failed to identify a signal necessary for central nervous system myelination and argues that myelination, like synapses, might contribute to learning by the activity-dependent modification of an initially hard-wired pattern. (c) 2017 The Authors. Developmental Neurobiology Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Develop Neurobiol 78: 68-79, 2018
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