Journal
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
Volume 122, Issue -, Pages 207-216Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2012.06.026
Keywords
Osmosis; Forward osmosis; Membrane bioreactor; Reverse salt flux; Denitrification
Funding
- Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) through the EPA Star Graduate Fellowship program
- Nevada NASA Space Grant Consortium
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This investigation evaluates the use of organic ionic salt solutions as draw solutions for specific use in osmotic membrane bioreactors. Also, this investigation presents a simple method for determining the diffusion coefficient of ionic salt solutions using only a characterized membrane. A selection of organic ionic draw solutions underwent a desktop screening process before being tested in the laboratory and evaluated for performance using specific salt flux (reverse salt flux per unit water flux), biodegradation potential, and replenishment cost. Two of the salts were found to have specific salt fluxes three to six times lower than two commonly used inorganic draw solutions. NaCl and MgCl2. All of the salts tested have organic anions with the potential to degrade in the bioreactor as a carbon source and aid in nutrient removal. Results demonstrate the potential benefits of organic ionic salt draw solutions over currently implemented inorganics in osmotic membrane bioreactor systems. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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