Journal
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
Volume 123, Issue -, Pages 338-343Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2012.07.069
Keywords
Torrefaction; Spruce wood; Carboxylic acid groups; Potentiometric titration; Methylene blue sorption
Funding
- Graduate School in Chemical Engineering
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Torrefaction is moderate thermal treatment (similar to 200-300 degrees C) to improve the energy density, handling and storage properties of biomass fuels. In biomass, carboxylic sites are partially responsible for its hygroscopic. These sites are degraded to varying extents during torrefaction. In this paper, we apply methylene blue sorption and potentiometric titration to measure the concentration of carboxylic acid groups in spruce wood torrefied for 30 min at temperatures between 180 and 300 degrees C. The results from both methods were applicable and the values agreed well. A decrease in the equilibrium moisture content at different humidity was also measured for the torrefied wood samples, which is in good agreement with the decrease in carboxylic acid sites. Thus both methods offer a means of directly measuring the decomposition of carboxylic groups in biomass during torrefaction as a valuable parameter in evaluating the extent of torrefaction which provides new information to the chemical changes occurring during torrefaction. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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