Journal
THERAPEUTIC ADVANCES IN MEDICAL ONCOLOGY
Volume 10, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD
DOI: 10.1177/1758834017742575
Keywords
abscopal; brachytherapy; checkpoint inhibitors; immunogenic cell death; immunotherapy; PD-1; radiotherapy
Categories
Funding
- Foundation for Applied Medical Research (FIMA)
- Red Tematica de Investigacion Cooperativa en Cancer [RD12/0036/0040]
- CIBERONC [CB16/12/00443]
- Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness [SAF2015-71606-R]
- Fondo de Investigaciones Sanitarias [PI 16/01847]
- Fondo de Investigaciones Sanitarias (FEDER) [PI 17/00411]
- Deutsche Krebshilfe (German Cancer Aid)
- 'La Caixa' Foundation
- Caja Navarra Foundation
- Fundacion Ramon Areces
- Fundacion Cientifica de la Asociacion Espanola Contra el Cancer (AECC)
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Radiotherapy (RT) is currently used in more than 50% of cancer patients during the course of their disease in the curative, adjuvant or palliative setting. RT achieves good local control of tumor growth, conferring DNA damage and impacting tumor vasculature and the immune system. Formerly regarded as a merely immunosuppressive treatment, pre- and clinical observations indicate that the therapeutic effect of RT is partially immune mediated. In some instances, RT synergizes with immunotherapy (IT), through different mechanisms promoting an effective antitumor immune response. Cell death induced by RT is thought to be immunogenic and results in modulation of lymphocyte effector function in the tumor microenvironment promoting local control. Moreover, a systemic immune response can be elicited or modulated to exert effects outside the irradiation field (so called abscopal effects). In this review, we discuss the body of evidence related to RT and its immunogenic potential for the future design of novel combination therapies.
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