Journal
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
Volume 102, Issue 3, Pages 3488-3497Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2010.11.018
Keywords
Alkalinity; Biochar; Carbonates; Crop residues; Amendment of acid soils
Funding
- National Key Technology R&D Program of China [2009BADC6B02]
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [30821140538]
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The forms of alkalis of the biochars produced from the straws of canola, corn, soybean and peanut at different temperatures (300, 500 and 700 degrees C) were studied by means of oxygen-limited pyrolysis. The alkalinity and pH of the biochars increased with increased pyrolysis temperature. The X-ray diffraction spectra and the content of carbonates of the biochars suggested that carbonates were the major alkaline components in the biochars generated at the high temperature; they were also responsible for the strong buffer plateau-regions on the acid-base titration curves at 500 and 700 degrees C. The data of FTIR-PAS and zeta potentials indicated that the functional groups such as -COO- (-COOH) and -O- (-OH) contained by the biochars contributed greatly to the alkalinity of the biochar samples tested, especially for those generated at the lower temperature. These functional groups were also responsible for the negative charges of the biochars. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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