Journal
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
Volume 101, Issue 7, Pages 2529-2536Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2009.11.058
Keywords
Bamboo cellulose crystals; Starch; Biocomposites
Funding
- Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province, China
- United States Department of Agriculture CSREES [68-3A75-6-508]
- Natural Resources Canada, Agricultural Bioproducts Innovation Program (ABIP) of Canada
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Using a method of combined HNO3-KClO3 treatment and sulfuric acid hydrolysis, bamboo cellulose crystals (BCCs) were prepared and used to reinforce glycerol plasticized starch. The structure and morphology of BCCs were investigated using X-ray diffraction, electron microscopy, and solid-state C-13 NMR. Results showed that BCCs were of typical cellulose I structure, and the morphology was dependent on its concentration in the suspension. BCC of 50-100 nm were assembled into leaf nervations at low concentration (i.e. 0.1 wt.% of solids), but congregated into a micro-sized flower geometry at high concentration (i.e. 10.0 wt.% of solids). Tensile strength and Young's modulus of the starch/BCC composite films (SBC) were enhanced by the incorporation of the crystals due to reinforcement of BCCs and reduction of water uptake. BCCs at the optimal 8% loading level exhibited a higher reinforcing efficiency for plasticized starch plastic than any other loading level. Crown Copyright (C) 2009 Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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