Journal
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
Volume 101, Issue 9, Pages 3242-3245Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2009.12.094
Keywords
Glycerol; Biodiesel; Transesterification; Saponification; Higher fatty acids
Funding
- Czech Ministry of Education, Youth and Sport [MSM 0021627502]
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Glycerol is a by-product of biodiesel produced by transesterification and is contained in the glycerol phase together with many other materials such as soaps, remaining catalyst, water, and esters formed during the process. The content of glycerol is approximately 30-60 wt.% In this paper, treatments of the glycerol phase to obtain glycerol with a purity of 86 wt.% (without distillation) and a mixture of fatty acids with esters (1:1) or only a Mixture of fatty acids with a purity of 99 wt.% are presented. The treatment was carried Out by removing of alkaline substances and esters. Fatty acids were produced by saponification of the remaining esters and subsequent neutralization of alkaline substances by phosphoric, sulfuric, hydrochloric, or acetic acids. Salts are by-products and, in the case of phosphoric acid can be used as potash-phosphate fertilizer. The process of treatment is easy and environmentally friendly, because no special chemicals OF equipment are required and all products are utilizable. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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