Journal
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
Volume 101, Issue 14, Pages 5685-5692Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2010.02.045
Keywords
Cellulose nanocrystals; Acid-hydrolysis; High-pressure homogenization; Polymethylmethacrylate; Nanocomposites
Funding
- United States Department of Agriculture CSREES [68-3A75-6-508]
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Nano-sized cellulose crystals were fabricated from microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) using combined sulfuric acid hydrolysis and high-pressure homogenization techniques. The crystals were then utilized to prepare polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) nanocomposites by the solution casting method. The cellulose nanocrystals had diameters from about 8 to 10 nm and lengths in the range of 60-120 nm. Wide-angle Xray diffraction (WXRD) results on the freeze-dried crystals revealed a slight increase in the degree of crystallinity after acid treatment. The composite sheets retained good transparency due to the size effect and dispersion of the cellulose nanocrystals. The thermogravimetric analysis indicated retained thermal stability of the composites. The storage modulus of the nanocomposite sheets from dynamic mechanical analysis showed significantly enhanced property in comparison with that of the pure PMMA sheets. The glass transition of the nanocomposites was shifted to lower temperatures with respect to the pure PMMA material. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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