Journal
JOURNAL OF EXTRACELLULAR VESICLES
Volume 7, Issue 1, Pages -Publisher
TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
DOI: 10.1080/20013078.2018.1522236
Keywords
Mesenchymal stem cells; extracellular vesicles
Categories
Funding
- March of Dimes Foundation [5-FY16-82]
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke [5R01NS100761-02]
- California Institute of Regenerative Medicine Bridges to Stem Cell Research Program training grant [EDUC2-08390]
- Shriners Hospitals for Children [87410-NCA-17, 85119-NCA-18]
- University of California, Davis [C4B Pilot Grant]
- NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS AND STROKE [R01NS100761] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
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Through traditional medicine, there were diseases and disorders that previously remained untreated or were simply thought to be incurable. Since the discovery of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), there has been a flurry of research to develop MSC-based therapy for diseases and disorders. It is now well-known that MSCs do not typically engraft after transplantation and exhibit their therapeutic effect via a paracrine mechanism. In addition to secretory proteins, MSCs also produce extracellular vesicles (EVs), membrane-bound nanovesicles containing proteins, DNA and RNA. The secreted vesicles then interact with target cells and deliver their contents, imparting their ultimate therapeutic effect. Unlike the widely studied cancer cells, the yield of MSC-exosomes is a limiting factor for large-scale production for cell-free therapies. Here we summarise potential approaches to increase the yield of such vesicles while maintaining or enhancing their efficacy by engineering the extracellular environment and intracellular components of MSCs.
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