Journal
JOURNAL OF ADVANCED CERAMICS
Volume 7, Issue 3, Pages 218-228Publisher
SPRINGEROPEN
DOI: 10.1007/s40145-018-0273-5
Keywords
superparamgnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs); rare earth (RE) ions; structure; optical and activation energies; electrical conductivity; dielectric constant; saturation magnetization
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Funding
- King Khalid University [G.R.P- 310 -38]
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Superparamgnetic Fe3O4 and RE:Fe3O4 (RE = Dy, Nd, La) nanoparticles with an average crystallite size in the range of 15-24 nm, were synthesized by co-precipitation method. The samples were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), UV-Vis spectroscopy, LCR bridge, and two-probe technique. X-ray diffraction patterns of all the investigated samples reveal the typical phase of magnetite structure, with a small contribution of orthoferrite (NdFeO3) as a secondary phase in Nd:Fe3O4 sample. The saturation magnetization (M-s) of the samples has values in the range from 41.8 to 52.3 emu/g, and decreases with RE ion doping depending on the ionic radius. Negligible values of the coercivity H-c and remanence M-r indicate the superparamagnetic nature of the investigated samples. The calculated values of indirect optical band gap of Fe3O4 and RE:Fe3O4 nanoparticles are in the range of 0.9-1.25 eV. The dielectric constant of the samples decreases, while their activation energy increases with the increasing of ionic radii of dopants.
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