Journal
ACS NANO
Volume 12, Issue 1, Pages 89-94Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.7b07496
Keywords
biofilms; extracellular polymeric substance; pH responsive; nanoparticles; nanozymes
Categories
Funding
- NIH [EB022641, GM077173]
- NSF [CHE-1506725]
- NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF BIOMEDICAL IMAGING AND BIOENGINEERING [R01EB014277, R01EB022641] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
- NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF GENERAL MEDICAL SCIENCES [R01GM077173] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
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Early detection of biofilms is crucial for limiting infection-based damage. Imaging these biofilms is challenging: conventional imaging agents are unable to penetrate the dense matrix of the biofilm, and many imaging agents are susceptible to false positive/negative responses due to phenotypical mutations of the constituent microbes. We report the creation of pH-responsive nanoparticles with embedded transition metal catalysts (nanozymes) that effectively target the acidic microenvironment of biofilms. These pH-switchable nanozymes generate imaging agents through bioorthogonal activation of profluorophores inside biofilms. The specificity of these nanozymes for imaging biofilms in complex biosystems was demonstrated using coculture experiments.
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