Journal
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY B
Volume 6, Issue 43, Pages 7066-7075Publisher
ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
DOI: 10.1039/c8tb01757c
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Funding
- Academy of Finland [268455, 298325]
- Australian Research Council through the ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science [CE140100012]
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [81702750]
- Basic Research Project of Shenzhen [JCY20170818164756460]
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We present for the first time approaches to 3D-printing of nanocellulose hydrogel scaffolds based on double crosslinking, first by in situ Ca2+ crosslinking and post-printing by chemical crosslinking with 1,4-butanediol diglycidyl ether (BDDE). Scaffolds were successfully printed from 1% nanocellulose hydrogels, with their mechanical strength being tunable in the range of 3 to 8 kPa. Cell tests suggest that the 3D-printed and BDDE-crosslinked nanocellulose hydrogel scaffolds supported fibroblast cells' proliferation, which was improving with increasing rigidity. These 3D-printed scaffolds render nanocellulose a new member of the family of promising support structures for crucial cellular processes during wound healing, regeneration and tissue repair.
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