Journal
ENERGY & ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE
Volume 13, Issue 9, Pages 3093-3101Publisher
ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
DOI: 10.1039/d0ee01833c
Keywords
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Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [U1705256, 51702096, 51961165106]
- 111 Project [B16016]
- Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities [2017MS021]
- China Scholarship Council [201506060156, 201906730051, 201906730050]
- European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme of the PerTPV project [763977]
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The emerging 2D perovskites exhibit superior stability and similar optoelectronic attributes compared to the 3D analogues, but their strong exciton-binding energy and inferior interlayer charge-transport reduce dramatically the device performance. Herein, we report a universal approach towards high-efficiency 2D perovskite solar cells (PSCs) by using the synergistic effect of NH4Cl and H2O to rotate the crystallographic orientation of 2D systems. The preferential adsorption of NH4Cl to the (202) crystal plane and the accelerated deprotonation of NH(4)(+)by H2O guide the crystal growth of the 2D framework towards vertical out-of-plane orientation, which strongly improves the 2D crystallinity, charge mobility, and carrier lifetime. As a representative, (PEA)(2)(MA)(3)Pb4I13-based PSCs (n <= 4) preparedviathe vertical-rotation process achieve a champion power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 17.03%, among the best PCEs reported for 2D PSCs. These findings offer a universal approach to rotate the orientation of 2D perovskites for efficient photovoltaics regardless of the perovskite composition.
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